---
title: useSkeletonPlaceholder
description: The useSkeletonPlaceholder hook is used to create placeholder elements while data is loading on a page.
docType: API Docs
docGroup: Hooks
group: Transitions
hooks: [useSkeletonPlaceholder]
---

# useSkeletonPlaceholder [$SOURCE](packages/core/src/transition/useSkeletonPlaceholder.ts)

```ts disableTransform
function useSkeletonPlaceholder<E extends HTMLElement>(
  options: SkeletonPlaceholderHookOptions<E> = {}
): CSSTransitionHookReturnValue<E>;
```

## Example Usage

See the [SkeletonPlaceholder demos](/components/skeleton-placeholder#using-the-hook) for examples.

## Parameters

- `options` (optional) - An object with the following definition:

````ts disableTransform
export interface SkeletonPlaceholderOptions extends SkeletonPlaceholderRandomOptions {
  style?: CSSProperties;
  className?: string;

  /**
   * Set this to a custom `animation-delay` value (should be in milliseconds).
   *
   * @example
   * ```ts
   * delay="200ms"
   * ```
   */
  delay?: string;

  /**
   * Set this value to a number or length unit string to set the height with
   * inline styles.
   *
   * If this is `undefined`, it will use the skeleton placeholder CSS variable
   * value instead which defaults to `1.125em`
   *
   * @defaultValue `undefined`
   */
  height?: string | number;

  /**
   * A custom width to apply to the skeleton placeholder.
   *
   * Set this value to an empty string if you want to control the width through
   * SCSS.
   *
   * @example No Inline Width CSS
   * ```scss
   * @use "@react-md/core";
   *
   * .customStyles {
   *   // You could use these mixins on a parent element instead which would
   *   // set the height and width to all skeleton placeholders that appear as a
   *   // child instead
   *   // @include core.transition-set-var(skeleton-placeholder-height, 1.5rem);
   *   // @include core.transition-set-var(skeleton-placeholder-width, 40%);
   *
   *   height: 1,5rem;
   *   width: 40%;
   * }
   * ```
   *
   * @example No Inline Width
   * ```ts
   * import type { ReactElement } from "@react";
   * import { useSkeletonPlaceholder } from "@react-md/core";
   *
   * import styles from "./MyComponent.module.scss";
   *
   * export function Example(): ReactElement {
   *   const skeletonProps = useSkeletonPlaceholder({
   *     width: null,
   *     className: styles.customStyles,
   *   });
   *
   *   return <div {...skeletonProps} />;
   * }
   * ```
   *
   *
   * Set this value to a number or length unit string to set the width with
   * inline styles.
   *
   * @example Custom Inline Width
   * ```ts
   * import type { ReactElement } from "@react";
   * import { useSkeletonPlaceholder } from "@react-md/core";
   *
   * export function Example(): ReactElement {
   *   const skeletonProps = useSkeletonPlaceholder({
   *     // any of these are valid
   *     // width: 40,
   *     // width: "1rem",
   *     // width: "1vh",
   *     // width: "40%",
   *     width: "1rem",
   *   });
   *
   *   return <div {...skeletonProps} />;
   * }
   * ```
   *
   * If this value is `undefined`, a random percentage will be generated instead
   * using the {@link minPercentage} and {@link maxPercentage} options.
   *
   * Set this value to `null` if the size should be derived from the provided
   * `className` instead.
   *
   * @defaultValue `randomInt({ min: minPercentage, max: maxPercentage })%`
   */
  width?: number | string | null;

  /**
   * Settings this to `true` will prevent any of the skeleton placeholder styles
   * to be applied. This is really only useful if you can prerender parts of
   * your layout while waiting for the data to load.
   *
   * @example Pre-rendered Layout
   * ```tsx
   * import type { ReactElement } from "@react";
   * import { SkeletonPlaceholder } from "@react-md/core";
   *
   * interface Data {
   *   id: string;
   *   name: string;
   *   createdBy: string
   *   createdOn: string;
   *   modifiedBy: string;
   *   modifiedOn: string;
   * }
   *
   * function ShowData({
   *   id,
   *   name,
   *   createdBy,
   *   createdOn,
   *   modifiedBy,
   *   modifiedOn,
   * }: Partial<Data>:: ReactElement {
   *   const loading =
   *     !name &&
   *     !createdBy &&
   *     !createdOn &&
   *     !modifiedBy &&
   *     !modifiedOn;
   *
   *   return (
   *     <Box grid gridClassName="custom-class-name">
   *       <SkeletonPlaceholder disabled={!loading}>
   *         {id}
   *       </SkeletonPlaceholder>
   *       <SkeletonPlaceholder disabled={!loading}>
   *         {name}
   *       </SkeletonPlaceholder>
   *       <SkeletonPlaceholder disabled={!loading}>
   *         {createdOn}
   *       </SkeletonPlaceholder>
   *       <SkeletonPlaceholder disabled={!loading}>
   *         {createdBy}
   *       </SkeletonPlaceholder>
   *       <SkeletonPlaceholder disabled={!loading}>
   *         {modifiedOn}
   *       </SkeletonPlaceholder>
   *       <SkeletonPlaceholder disabled={!loading}>
   *         {modifiedBy}
   *       </SkeletonPlaceholder>
   *     </Box>
   *   );
   * }
   *
   * export function Example(): ReactElement {
   *   const { data } = useLoadSomeDataQuery();
   *
   *   const items = useMemo(() => {
   *     // if the data has been fetched, just return the data
   *     if (data) {
   *       return data;
   *     }
   *
   *     // if the data does not exist, set up a skeleton of your layout by
   *     // rendering a random number of items.
   *     //
   *     // NOTE: This is memoized so you don't create a random length each
   *     // render
   *     const length = randomInt({ min: 3, max: 10 })
   *     return Array.from({ length }, (_, i) => ({ id: `placeholder-${i}` }));
   *   }, [data])
   *
   *   return (
   *     <List>
   *       {items.map((item) => <ShowData {...item} />)}
   *     </List>
   *   );
   * }
   * ```
   *
   * @defaultValue `false`
   */
  disabled?: boolean;
}

export interface SkeletonPlaceholderRandomOptions {
  /**
   * The minimum `animation-delay` milliseconds allowed in the random generator.
   * This value should be: `0 <= minDelay < maxDelay`.
   *
   * The `animation-delay` will be generated by:
   * ```ts
   * const delay = randomInt({
   *   min: minDelay,
   *   max: maxDelay,
   * });
   *
   * return {
   *   animationDelay: `-${delay}ms`,
   * };
   * ```
   *
   * @defaultValue `0`
   */
  minDelay?: number;

  /**
   * @see {@link minDelay}
   * @defaultValue `400`
   */
  maxDelay?: number;

  /**
   * The minimum width percentage allowed in the random generator. This value
   * should be: `0 >= minPercentage < maxPercentage`.
   *
   * The `width` will be generated by:
   * ```ts
   * const width = randomInt({
   *   min: minPercentage,
   *   max: maxPercentage,
   * });
   *
   * return {
   *   width: `${width}%`,
   * };
   * ```
   * @defaultValue `40`
   */
  minPercentage?: number;

  /**
   * @see {@link minPercentage}
   * @defaultValue `85`
   */
  maxPercentage?: number;
}
````

## Returns

An object with the following definition:

```ts disableTransform
export interface SkeletonPlaceholderStylingProps {
  style?: CSSProperties;
  className: string;
}
```

## See Also

- [SkeletonPlaceholder demos](/components/skeleton-placeholder)
- [useSkeletonPlaceholder demo](/components/skeleton-placeholder#using-the-hook)
- [useCSSTransition](./use-css-transition)
- [useCollapseTransition](./use-collapse-transition)
- [useCrossFadeTransition](./use-cross-fade-transition)
- [useScaleTransition](./use-scale-transition)
- [useSlideTransition](./use-slide-transition)
